Category: Physics

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climate change Physics Science

Australian BOM ‘cools the past’

This is a real scandal. The Australian Bureau of Meterology (BOM) changed the past temperature record twice, ‘cooling the past.’ But, in reality, if you look at their raw official data, it is plain to see that there has been no more hot days in Australia than usual. The data goes back to at least 1910.

The following video reveals how the past Australian temperature record has been ‘cooled’ by at least 1.5 degrees C (or 3 degrees F) in two separate revisions. That means scientists changed the values of past temperature records before the 1990s. The effect is that it artificially makes it appear that the past few decades have been hotter than any decade prior to that time. This gives the appearance that the country has been hotter in recent times. But that claim is totally false.

The big scandal here is two fold. Firstly, the fact alone that current scientists think that they can legitimately tamper with past temperature records. The second is much more significant. How do you know that what you decide on regarding the past (when no one has access to the past) is in any way accurate? Simply put, you can’t know.

No one has a time machine. No one can know what happened in the past. No scientist, no matter matter how smart he thinks he is can know what happened in the past. The best you can do is to rely on a record of an observer who recorded something at some past moment of time. You have to take that record on its face value. You can’t measure anything that happened in the past.

This is why we have official birth certificates. It was the observers present at your birth that essentially testify, in an official document, that you were born at such a time and on such a date. They were there. Some future scientist, who was not there, can’t later correct that record.

The past Australian temperatures were usually recorded at Post Offices and they were recorded in official notebooks. Those notebooks are kept in the National Archive. But now we have modern day scientists who claim to know better and, under the excuse of ‘homogenising’ the data, they have changed the past temperatures, and ‘cooled’ it is all cases. So the alleged ‘real’ temperatures as recorded in the notebooks were in error, i.e. they all allegedly had some systematic error.

What they are claiming is that, because electronic (PRT) thermometers were introduced in the 1990s, the prior measurements made with Mercury thermometers did not have the same calibration as the modern PRTs. But fallible humans with a global warming bias are the ones who changed the historical records. And who would doubt their bone fides in doing that? And the problem, as you can plainly see, is the weakness of historical science. It’s all very Orwellian to say the least.

Related Reading

  1. HIGHEST OFFICIAL RECORDED TEMPERATURE IN AUSTRALIA
  2. GLOBAL ATMOSPHERIC TEMPERATURE TRENDS
  3. GLOBAL COOLING ALARMISTS 40 YEARS AGO
  4. GLOBAL COOLING COMING
  5. THE COMING LONG DARK WINTER?

Categories
climate change Physics

Global atmospheric temperature trends

Since 1979, NOAA satellites have been carrying instruments which measure the natural microwave thermal emissions from oxygen in the atmosphere. The intensity of the signals these microwave radiometers measure at different microwave frequencies is directly proportional to the temperature of different, deep layers of the atmosphere.

The temperatures in the four layers presented here were once calculated using a hodgepodge of code that had been written by different scientists over years. Eventually a new version (6.0) was written by a single scientist resulting in 9000 lines of FORTRAN code. In 2015 Roy W. Spencer et al. of the University of Alabama in Huntsville used this to reanalyse the available raw atmospheric data since 1978. He writes:

Version 6 of the UAH MSU/AMSU global satellite temperature dataset is by far the most extensive revision of the procedures and computer code we have ever produced in over 25 years of global temperature monitoring. The two most significant changes from an end-user perspective are (1) a decrease in the global-average lower tropospheric (LT) temperature trend from +0.140 C/decade to +0.114 C/decade (Dec. 1978 through Mar. 2015); and (2) the geographic distribution of the LT trends, including higher spatial resolution.

Roy W. Spencer et al. 2015
Image excerpted from Roy Spencer’s excellent website on Global Warming
Continue reading “Global atmospheric temperature trends”
Categories
astronomy climate change Physics

Solar sunspot cycle 24 just ended

The 11-year sunspot cycle number 24 has just ended. We are entering sunspot cycle 25. The number of sunspots has been decreasing over the past 3 cycles which has been about 4 decades. See plot below.

Note cycles 20 to 22, with an increase in peak sunspot number, is the same period that global warming has been claimed to be most significant . Then from cycle 22 to cycle 24 we see a decrease, but also there have been reports of global cooling, most significantly in the last decade or so.

Here I have labelled the peaks with number assigned to each sunspot cycle. On the left vertical axis is the 13-month smoothed number of sunspots. This is equivalent to yearly average. Colours indicate the fact that north and south hemisphere exhibit different numbers of sunspots. Data are available here.
Continue reading “Solar sunspot cycle 24 just ended”
Categories
astronomy climate change Physics

David DuByne – The ICE-AGE Cometh

This presentation is by David DuByne, who was a coffee buyer, which included buying coffee from Myanmar. His interest in the topic of global warming, or really global cooling, started when growers told him that coffee yields were down due to unseasonal cold weather.

The video is 1 hour 25 minutes but well worth the time invested. His predictions are well in line with the prediction of John L.Casey who predicted that the earth is headed for another mini Ice Age, by the year 2030. See my review of Casey’s book “Dark Winter”.

Introduction from David DuByne’s YouTube video presentation:

Solar activity occurs in cycles, the most well-known is the 11-year solar maximum to solar minimum, but our Sun also goes through longer duration more powerful cycles occurring in 400, 2000, 3600 and 7200 year intervals. Effects on societies during these Grand Solar Minimum cycles has been well catalogued through the millennia but always results in food shortages, economic contraction and population migration. Our Earth is now being effected by the new Eddy Grand Solar Minimum and will intensify from this point forward through 2030 with the same effects on our modern world.

How will governments cope with this type of society reset button when global crop yields decline year-on-year resulting in explosive food prices and social instability? Would they warn the general public of the changes or choose to create excuses, divert attention from the issues, refuse to discuss or censor voices explaining amplified extreme weather events across our planet caused by Earth’s magnetosphere weakening due to the electromagnetic connection with our star moving into a 400-year cycle of reduced activity.

The science that explains the changes we are now seeing in our weather with a societal forecast to 2030 based on past cycles of the Grand Solar Minimum. It’s not CO2, It’s not you, It’s the Sun.

Recommended Reading

Categories
astronomy Physics Science

The existence of the ISS refutes the flat-earth

It seems that flat-earth believers deny the existence of satellites, which means all global navigation system satellites (GNSS) including the American GPS satellites (at 20,000 km altitude), all geostationary satellites (at 35,000 km altitude) and all low earth orbit TV transmitting satellites (around 300 km altitude). The elephant not in the kitchen but in space is the largest of satellites, the International Space Station (ISS), the largest man-made structure in space. It orbits at an altitude of about 400 km, which is well outside of the atmosphere.

The ISS can be seen from the earth’s surface with the naked eye, when it passes overhead on a 90 minute circumnavigation of the planet, travelling much faster than stars move. It looks like a fast-moving plane only much higher and traveling thousands of kilometers an hour faster. When it comes into view in your area it is best viewed within two hours of sunset or sunrise. Because of the very large solar panels, used to power the spacecraft, sunlight can reflect off those in your direction.

The ISS with solar panels fully deployed. Curvature of the earth is clearly seen.

Here is a live video feed from the ISS. But flat-earthers say that all such video is faked. They say that all space agencies fake everything they show. So you can’t win.

NASA has it own TV showing live feeds from the ISS when available. Below is a YouTube recording of a past live feed.

Continue reading “The existence of the ISS refutes the flat-earth”
Categories
astronomy Physics

Earth as seen from the moon

In this video we can see the earth rise from the moon. It was taken about 10 years ago by the Japanese space agency JAXA (not NASA) from their lunar orbiter SELENE. The spacecraft orbited the moon for about a year before it was deliberately crashed in to the moon surface.

There are people who believe that the Earth is a flat disk and not a sphere. It is incredible I know. Apart from interpreting certain scriptures to support their claim it would seem that they have to also claim that all space agencies have faked all images of the earth since man’s quest into space began.

They also claim that there are no satellites (no GPS constellations), that there cannot be an International Space Station (ISS) in orbit and that man has never left the earth.

So they claim that this spacecraft could not have observed the spherical planet from the moon because no such craft ever left the planet. But the Japanese did send a spacecraft as have other nations. This one shows beautifully the jewel among the stars and it doesn’t look flat to me.

Recommended Reading

  1. THE EARTH IS NOT FLAT AND HANGS UPON NOTHING!
  2. A FLAT EARTH AND OTHER NONSENSE by Robert Carter and Jonathan Sarfati
  3. THE FLAT-EARTH MYTH AND CREATIONISM by Jerry Bergman

6/2/2020 Comment from a flat-earther: Haha you’re all comedians, but can’t see the reality that it is a fake video or believe that NASA could lie! Think about it. Where is the sun’s position, how bright should the moon be but isn’t, and seeing the earth seems to be in full light why is the background dark? When we are in day, the sky is blue. Perhaps someone has an answer.

My response: Number one, this video was not produced by NASA but by JAXA the Japanese space agency. I have had interactions with scientist colleagues from JAXA and find them to be a reputable organisation.

Number two: There is no atmosphere on the moon. Thus there are no molecules to scatter sunlight. You learn that in high-school. Hence the sky is black. On earth we see a blue sky because of scattered sunlight. Blue light (shorter wavelengths than red light) is scattered in all directions by the molecules of air in Earth’s atmosphere. Blue is scattered more than other colours because of its shorter wavelengths. As a result when we look at the sky we preferentially see the blue light component of sunlight which contains all the colours of the spectrum.

Then the automatic gain control on the camera on board the spacecraft reduces the aperture of the camera because of the high albedo of the moon. High albedo means high reflectivity. The moon reflects a little more than 10% of the sunlight hitting its surface. The moon’s surface has about 1/3rd the albedo of the earth’s surface. The reduction of the camera aperture means less light entering the camera so not to saturate the CCD module. Hence the moon surface does not look so bright, and note stars are not so easily seen in the black sky because the camera aperture is reduced.

Categories
astronomy History Physics

Job 38 and a Flat Earth

A Flat-earth believing Christian writes of Job 38

God talking to Job: Where were you when I made the foundations of the earth? Declare if you have understanding. Who has the laid measures thereof if thou knowest or who has stretched the line upon it? (not around it). Whereupon are the foundations thereof fastened (how can the foundations be fastened on a spinning ball?). or who laid the cornerstone thereof.

This is God talking to Job. God’s words and not man.

Firstly, I do not consider one passage of scripture of more or less authority than another. It is all God’s Words. In the book of Job when Job is speaking about what God has done, He is speaking under the inspiration of the Holy Spirit. That is the only reason he knows anything (e.g. Job 26:7).

All scripture, not some scripture, is inspired by the Holy Spirit.

All scripture is given by inspiration of God [literally means God breathed from the Greek original text], and is profitable for doctrine [teaching], for reproof, for correction, for instruction in righteousness:

2 Timothy 3:16 (KJV)

Also God is sovereign and He promised to preserve His Words so that none will ever be corrupted or lost.

The words of the LORD are pure words: as silver tried [refined] in a furnace of earth, purified seven times. 7 You shalt keep them [His words], O LORD, You shall preserve them from this generation for ever.

Psalm 12:6-7, KJVER

Looking at Job 38:4-6: (KJVER)

4 Where were you when I laid the foundations of the earth? declare, if you have understanding.

5 Who has laid the measures thereof, if you know? or who has stretched the line upon it?

6 Whereupon are the foundations thereof fastened? or who laid the corner stone thereof;

There is also Job 38:18 talking about the breadth of the earth (how big it is).

Have you perceived the breadth of the earth? declare if you know it all.

Continue reading “Job 38 and a Flat Earth”
Categories
Physics Science

SpaceX launch clearly shows the curvature of the Earth

I recently have had discussion with a few people on the claim by some (Bible believing Christians included) that the Earth is geologically flat. This is referred to as the Flat Earth (FE) claim. Yeah, I know it is very bizarre. One people even asked if this is a real thing. It is unfortunately true. But several of it proponents are atheist anti-Christians. So it is strange that that there are Bible believing Christians believe their rambling nonsense.

One of the arguments is that no one has ever seen the curvature of the spherical earth.

FEers argue that nothing NASA has shown can be trusted. They say that NASA uses green screens, Photoshop and all sorts of tricks to hide the alleged fact that the earth is a disk and not a sphere.

This video shows Earth from space from SpaceX spacecraft used to launch a stack of 60 Starlink satellites. SpaceX is a private company with Elon Musk as CEO. The launch occurred on January 29 at 9:06 a.m. EST (USA), or 14:06 UTC. You can clearly see the curvature of the earth.

Besides I don’t think the SpaceX Starlink company would have spent millions of dollars to put their own constellation of satellites into space if this was all a giant hoax. They would feel pretty conned. Considering that they are launching their satellites it is quite ludicrous. Ultimately the SpaceX plans to launch a global network 1,584 satellites (in the first stage) to orbit at about 300 km altitude to provide worldwide internet services at high speed broadband.

Recommended Reading

  1. THE EARTH IS NOT FLAT AND HANGS UPON NOTHING!
  2. A FLAT EARTH AND OTHER NONSENSE by Robert Carter and Jonathan Sarfati
  3. THE COSMOLOGICAL PRINCIPLE AND GEOCENTRISM
  4. BOOK REVIEW: “SETTING ASIDE ALL AUTHORITY” BY CHRISTOPHER M. GRANEY
Categories
climate change Physics Science

Climate change study on coral reef fish was ‘100 per cent wrong’

Source published on 02/02/2020 Sky News “Outsiders”

Physicist and author Peter Ridd says the “quality assurance” of scientific studies is called into question when “rock solid” science fails.

The results of eight studies from James Cook University (JCU) on the impact of climate change on coral reef fishes were “tested and found to be 100 per cent wrong”.

The JCU Coral Reef Centre told North Queensland farmers their actions were “killing the reefs” and legislation was passed in December that “restricted what farmers can do in terms of pesticides and fertilisers”.

“We are told to trust science but the problem is with the institutions,” Prof. Ridd told Sky News, “the difference between a climate sceptic and a climate believer is whether you trust the institutions.

“People don’t realize it but about 50 per cent of scientific literature is faulty”.

Based on the failure here of the so-called scientific studies on the Great Barrier reef which were meant to be “rock solid” what are we to think of all the rest of the so-called global warming science?

Follow YouTube interview with Dr Peter Ridd here

Categories
astronomy Cosmology Creation/evolution Physics

Questions on the conventionality thesis and the one-way speed of light

The conventionality thesis and the asynchronous convention for the one-way speed of light (ASC) has been presented as a biblical creationist explanation for how light from the most distant sources in the cosmos reached Earth within the 6,000 years since the Creation, as determined from a straightforward reading of the Genesis account. There is no conflict with the true age of the universe because it simply is counted off by the years since creation.[1],[2],[3]

The conventionality thesis in Special Relativity relates to the synchronisation of clocks separated by a distance. It involves to the notion that the one-way speed of light, provided the two-way speed is c, can only be chosen by a convention, since it is impossible in principle to measure it. 

With respect to this subject, I address some issues raised from articles I have recently written on this subject.[4],[5],[6]

Innate bias

The first issue relates not so much to the science but to the mindset of the hearer when the topic is discussed. There seems to be in many of us an innate bias against accepting that the events (in light from stars, galaxies etc) we see in the cosmos are the same age as the earth and solar system. The idea is that all we see in the cosmos is occurring now, and not in some past epoch of time.  However due to our education among other factors we are biased into believing the starlight coming from the cosmos travels at a fixed speed of about 300,000 km/s and because of the distances involved it must have taken billions of years to reach Earth. We believe this even though it has never been measured.[7]

Last year I had the opportunity to share a PowerPoint talk titled “Can we see into the past?”[8] with a small group of friends who were all solidly biblical creationist in worldview. After I gave the PowerPoint presentation some questions were asked and one person, who does have some science training, said that he just could not get his head around it. I respect that but I believe it is a case where a little knowledge can be dangerous. In some cases a prior knowledge has led to a closely held belief, or an innate bias, which in turn can close off a person’s mind to new ideas without any logical reason. Such situations are well documented in science, particularly in fields that are undergoing revolutionary transitions. For example the case of phlogiston.[9]

Another man in that small group, who is physically blind and could not see my PowerPoint slides (so he did not have the advantage that the sighted people did), said that he had no problem understanding it. He said that he had had no science education and did not have any preconceived ideas (for example that the one-way speed of light must be finite, isotropic and equal to c, the measured two-way speed).

Continue reading “Questions on the conventionality thesis and the one-way speed of light”