Yet another galaxy, called the oldest or the earliest in the history of the big bang universe, has now been found to contain something it shouldn’t. Again it causes more problems for the big bang head bangers than they would like.
This very high redshift galaxy was reported 21 March 2025 in a piece on ScienceAlert with the headline “Astronomers Stunned by Abundant Oxygen in Earliest Known Galaxy”.
A galaxy gleaming in the Cosmic Dawn, just 300 million years after the Big Bang, has just been spotted harboring something it oughtn’t.
JADES-GS-z14-0, new observations reveal, is rich with oxygen – which is an absolute banger of a surprise, since scientists had thought elements heavier than hydrogen and helium weren’t around in significant quantities until much later in time.
It’s yet another clue that the early Universe matured much more quickly than we thought possible.
ScienceAlert (my emphases added)
This is the best of story-telling. When you discover something that is contrary to the the standard big bang model you then change your story and say XYZ formed much earlier than we thought. So the story is completely flexible. It also shows that the big bang predictions are not scientific in the sense that astronomers do not apply any sort of Scientific Method of prediction, observation and refutation.
Cosmology is Not Science! And this is another example of that fact on full display.
The big surprise is that only 300 million years after the alleged big bang you have a galaxy, which should take at least a billion years to form from hydrogen, helium and a little lithium leftover from the big bang. Ok, that’s a problem but there is another even more alarming! This galaxy JADES-GS-z14-0 is also rich in the element oxygen.
“It is like finding an adolescent where you would only expect babies,” says cosmologist Sander Schouws of Leiden Observatory in the Netherlands.
“The results show the galaxy has formed very rapidly and is also maturing rapidly, adding to a growing body of evidence that the formation of galaxies happens much faster than was expected.“
The mere existence of JADES-GS-z14-0 was problematic enough for our cosmological models, since we believe that galaxies need quite a bit of time to grow. In order to be detectable to our telescopes across more than 13.4 billion light-years, the galaxy needed to be quite large and bright – too large and bright to be easily explained.
ScienceAlert (my emphases added)
Astrophysicist have no idea how galaxies form but this galaxy is problematic on multiple levels. It just should not be according to standard big bang theory. It exists too early in the big bang universe, and is too big and too bright and now has too much oxygen. This should be screaming at them that the theory is WRONG!
Overdensities in this medium [H and He gas from big bang] led to the formation of the first stars. The gas collapsed in on itself under gravity; more gas fed the growth until the core was hot and dense enough to kickstart the fusion of hydrogen atoms into heavier and heavier elements.
ScienceAlert (my emphases added)
The density of the collapsing gas never reaches the level where fusion reactions can occur. This is known physics. The Jeans limit means the hot gas pressure limits any further collapse of the alleged initial molecular hydrogen cloud. But because we observe stars it must have happened some how, so they employ ‘sleight of hand’ tricks and tell you that there were overdensities in the gas. Where did that come from? A supenova explosion? Dark matter?
Dark matter to the rescue! It allegedly gravitates but is not heated because the putative dark matter particles do not interact with each other or with the normal hydrogen gas. Thus it is a rescue device.
It’s only through this process of stellar core fusion that oxygen came to exist – and here’s the sting in the tail. The star has to live its entire life and die in a supernova for those fused elements to disperse out into space.
That can happen in a relatively short timeframe; the lifetimes of the most massive stars can be less than 10 million years.
ScienceAlert (my emphases added)
The story-telling continues. The first stars had to form, building up oxygen from fusion reactions, and end their existence in supernovae to disperse the oxygen into the interstellar medium so that the next stars could absorb it. Now this process has to happen very quickly in a big bang universe.
The first stars were allegedly formed from only hydrogen and helium. They are called population III stars. But where are they? Should they be founded in the earliest galaxies soon after the big bang? Yes, they should and that is a prediction of the big bang theory. But they are nowhere to be found.
… the amount of elements heavier than hydrogen and helium detected in JADES-GS-z14-0 was 10 times higher than predicted. The result suggests that the production rate is likewise beyond our wildest expectations.
“I was astonished by the unexpected results because they opened a new view on the first phases of galaxy evolution,” says astrophysicist Stefano Carniani of the Scuola Normale Superiore in Italy.
“The evidence that a galaxy is already mature in the infant Universe raises questions about when and how galaxies formed.”
ScienceAlert (my emphases added)
The astonishment is because of the ingrained belief in the religion of big bang. This galaxy in question was not just a little elevated in oxygen content but had an order of magnitude more than it should have according to the theory. So why not reject the theory and start again?
As the quoted cosmologist in this piece states, it brings into question “when and how galaxies formed” in the first place. Surely that is the key to the big bang universe. If you don’t know the answer to this then the theory is defective.
The resolution is easy! There was no big bang! Galaxies filled with stars don’t form naturalistically under collapse of clouds of molecular hydrogen and helium gas. The whole universe is a creation of the Creator who made galaxies of all flavors throughout the universe and so these observations are no surprise at all.
Related Reading
- Have Population III Stars Finally Been Discovered?
- Stars Just Don’t Form Naturally— ‘Dark Matter’ the ‘God of the Gaps’ is Needed
- Giant Molecular Clouds
- A Long Time Ago, in a Galaxy Far Far Away … So the Story Goes
- Cosmic Storytelling
- Why is Dark Matter Everywhere in the Cosmos?
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